"JAPANESE DWARF TREES.  (Jappy)[sic]. -- Zelkova acuminata is now regarded as the correct name of the tree usually met with as Zelkova Keaki.  Botanically it is a near relative of the Elm, in fact one of the several names that have been applied to it is Ulmus Keaki.  According to Professor Sargent it is, perhaps, the largest deciduous leaved tree of Japan, and is a most valuable timber tree.  It is quite hardy in this country.  Cornus Kousa, a member of the Dogwood family, attains in Japan the dimensions of a tree, but in this country it must be regarded more as a shrub.  The flowers borne in terminal [264] heads are small and insignificant, but each cluster is surrounded by four large white petal-like bracts, thus resembling a large white flower.  This, which is better known as Banthamia japonica, is fairly hardy here.  A mixture of two parts loam to one part each of peat and sand will suit them well.  They must be thoroughly watered whenever necessary.  Pruning should be limited to the removal of any shoots that make an endeavour to grow out of the moribund distorted state in which the plants now are.  They may be kept out of doors in summer, and wintered in a cool house, for though hardy under normal conditions, in their starved state protection from severe frost is necessary." 1

1     The Garden, Vol. LXIX, No. 1799, May 12, 1906, pp. 263-264.